Universal Kernel

The object of size 14, class b

Stabilizer A4bA_4^b and automorphism group C2C_2: the oriented quadrangles of the Fano plane, fourteen of the E8E_8 lattices in the octonions, and the other half of the ideal tetrahedra.

The object of size 14 of class bb as the oriented quadrangles of the Fano plane: the points 1,3,5,71, 3, 5, 7 off the line 246, with an orientation.

Its incarnations

The seam table names the object in each of the five theories that meet the group. Every entry there is built.

Fano plane
oriented quadrangles
Projective line
4-subsets in the orbit of {0,1,2,4}\{0,1,2,4\}
The group
groups V4bV_4^b with a cyclic order of their involutions
Klein quartic
oriented self-polar triangles from V4bV_4^b
Graphs
oriented K4K_4‘s, common line

The seams between two incarnations form a torsor under NG(H)/HN_G(H)/H, a group of order 2, so there are 2 of them. The object the object of size 14, class a has the same permutation character, yet for one marking no seam joins the two.

Remark(marking)

Which class is which depends on the marking. The outer automorphism exchanges each class aa with its class bb, so the points and the lines of the Fano plane are assigned their classes only once the group of the plane is identified with the group of the projective line. The seam table and this journal’s labels use the identification of Seams, under which the points are class aa. The volume’s own chart, its table of observers and pairs in Chapter X, uses the other: there the stabilizer of the clock 1 fixes the bisection {0,1,2,4}∣{3,5,6,∞}\{0,1,2,4\}\mid\{3,5,6,\infty\}, which lies in class bb. Read in that chart, the names exchange: the clocks are class bb and the lines class aa, and so on for A4A_4 and V4V_4.

The fifteen objects

168184C256C324C742C41G28S3anchored observers14A4b7S4bvantage lines7S4aclocks14A4a21D842V4b42V4a87:3the sky
The object on the line of sizes. In ink, the objects it maps onto; in blue, those that map onto it. Dots count each object’s automorphisms, and dashed brackets join the pairs with one permutation character.
Proposition

NG(A4b)=S4bN_G(A_4^b)=S_4^b, so the automorphism group is C2C_2. It is the Gassmann partner of the object of class aa, and every bridge between them, for one marking, is refuted. On the object of size 42 of class bb, the rotations of ordered pairs of points have quotient class A4bA_4^b.

Example

The oriented quadrangles of the Fano plane; the four-subsets of P1(F7)\Proj^1(\F_7) in the orbit of {0,1,2,4}\{0,1,2,4\}; the groups V4bV_4^b with a cyclic order of their involutions; the oriented self-polar triangles from V4bV_4^b; the oriented K4K_4’s of Coxeter vertices whose antiflags have a common line; the 14 lattices Z8+12C\Z^8+\tfrac12C in the octonions whose Fano plane shares exactly one line with the octonion table; and the 14 ideal tetrahedra of Thurston’s congruence link complement whose cusp sets lie in the orbit of {0,1,2,4}\{0,1,2,4\}.

Examplecomputed

The fourteen octonion lattices whose Fano plane shares one line with the table are the fourteen tetrahedra of class bb of Thurston’s manifold: for each, exactly four of the eight lattices sharing no line with the table share three lines with it, these four-sets are the planes of an affine 3-space on the eight lattices, and the seam from the eight lattices to the cusps carries them onto the tetrahedra of class A4bA_4^b, with incidence preserved.

The volume’s word
lift